head to head
Neither is simply harder - they are hard in different places. Cookie Clicker demands more variance; Portal demands more execution.

Optimization · Pure Optimization
The archetypal idle game where optimal purchase order is the entire skill.

Optimization · Pure Optimization
The portal-gun puzzle game whose solutions are everything.
Cookie Clicker leans Optimization (Pure Optimization); Portal leans Optimization (Pure Optimization).
Portal leans clearly harder on execution.
Cookie Clicker
Clicking is optional past the early game
Portal
Portal placement timing modest.
Same score on reads - which means the number cannot separate them. The difference is in what each one asks of you.
Cookie Clicker
No opponent
Portal
No adversary modeling player.
Cookie Clicker leans clearly harder on variance.
Cookie Clicker
Golden cookie timing randomness
Portal
Deterministic chambers; no randomness.
Cookie Clicker leans a little harder on optimization, though the gap is small.
Cookie Clicker
Purchase order and ascension math are the game
Portal
Pure puzzle-solving optimization.
A matching score does not mean a matching test. Two games can both sit at 10 on execution and demand completely different things of you - which is why the reasoning above matters more than the number beside it.