head to head
Dawn of DiscoveryvsGrand Ages: Medieval
Dawn of Discovery leans Optimization (Pure Optimization); Grand Ages: Medieval leans Optimization (Pure Optimization).
Dawn of DiscoveryGrand Ages: Medieval
Axis by axis
Execution2 vs 1
Dawn of Discovery leans harder on execution: Pausable building keeps hands out of the equation
Reads1 vs 2
Grand Ages: Medieval leans harder on reads: AI rivals follow fixed strategy, not adaptive modelling
Variance2 vs 2
Even - both lean on variance about the same.
Optimization9 vs 9
Even - both lean on optimization about the same.
Two games can score the same on an axis and still test it in very different ways - read each rationale, not just the number.

