head to head
Neither is simply harder - they are hard in different places. Minecraft: Java Edition demands more variance; Portal demands more execution.

Optimization · Pure Optimization
An open sandbox where mastering crafting and building systems dominates over any physical skill.

Optimization · Pure Optimization
The portal-gun puzzle game whose solutions are everything.
Minecraft: Java Edition leans Optimization (Pure Optimization); Portal leans Optimization (Pure Optimization).
Portal leans clearly harder on execution.
Minecraft: Java Edition
barely relevant, building/PvP negligible for most
Portal
Portal placement timing modest.
Same score on reads - which means the number cannot separate them. The difference is in what each one asks of you.
Minecraft: Java Edition
no adaptive opponent, sandbox play
Portal
No adversary modeling player.
Minecraft: Java Edition leans clearly harder on variance.
Minecraft: Java Edition
world gen and mob spawns randomized
Portal
Deterministic chambers; no randomness.
Same score on optimization - which means the number cannot separate them. The difference is in what each one asks of you.
Minecraft: Java Edition
redstone, base/resource routing solvable systems
Portal
Pure puzzle-solving optimization.
A matching score does not mean a matching test. Two games can both sit at 10 on execution and demand completely different things of you - which is why the reasoning above matters more than the number beside it.