head to head
Neither is harder. They score identically on all four axes, so the difference between them is in kind, not degree.

Optimization · Pure Optimization
A turn-based 4X where empire optimization beats turn-by-turn tactics.

Optimization · Pure Optimization
A grand strategy 4X where empire optimization carries you through random crises.
Civilization VI leans Optimization (Pure Optimization); Stellaris leans Optimization (Pure Optimization).
Same score on execution - which means the number cannot separate them. The difference is in what each one asks of you.
Civilization VI
Turn-based, no mechanical input demands.
Stellaris
Real-time pausable with no input precision.
Same score on reads - which means the number cannot separate them. The difference is in what each one asks of you.
Civilization VI
AI is scripted; multiplayer adds light adaptation.
Stellaris
AI is scripted; multiplayer adds modest adaptation.
Same score on variance - which means the number cannot separate them. The difference is in what each one asks of you.
Civilization VI
Map gen, barbarians, and city-state quests vary.
Stellaris
Galaxy gen, anomalies, and crises vary widely.
Same score on optimization - which means the number cannot separate them. The difference is in what each one asks of you.
Civilization VI
Tech, civics, and yield routing dominate strategy.
Stellaris
Empire builds, fleet comps, and economy dominate.
A matching score does not mean a matching test. Two games can both sit at 10 on execution and demand completely different things of you - which is why the reasoning above matters more than the number beside it.